Below is a detailed lesson plan for 4th graders focusing on multiplication and division involving up to four-digit numbers.
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### Lesson Plan: Multiplication and Division (up to Four-Digit Numbers)
#### Grade: 4
#### Subject: Mathematics
#### Duration: 60 minutes
#### Topic: Multiplication and Division of four-digit numbers
#### Common Core Standards:
- 4.NBT.B.5: Multiply a whole number of up to four digits by a one-digit whole number, and multiply two two-digit numbers.
- 4.NBT.B.6: Find whole-number quotients and remainders with up to four-digit dividends and one-digit divisors, using strategies based on place value, the properties of operations, and/or the relationship between multiplication and division.
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### Objectives:
- Students will be able to multiply two-digit and three-digit numbers by one-digit and two-digit numbers.
- Students will be able to divide up to four-digit numbers by one-digit numbers with quotients and remainders.
- Students will use place value understanding to perform multi-digit arithmetic.
### Materials:
- Whiteboard and markers
- Multiplication and division worksheets
- Base-ten blocks (optional)
- Chart paper and markers
- Calculators (optional for check)
- Student notebooks and pencils
### Introduction (10 minutes):
1. **Review Prior Knowledge:**
- Begin with a brief review of multiplication and division facts. Use a few basic problems (e.g., 6 x 4, 32 ÷ 8) to warm up.
2. **Introduce the Concept:**
- Introduce the day's topic: "Today, we will learn how to solve multiplication and division problems involving bigger numbers. We'll be working with numbers up to four digits!"
### Direct Instruction (20 minutes):
1. **Multiplication:**
- Use the whiteboard to demonstrate multiplying a three-digit number by a one-digit number (e.g., 123 x 4).
- Explain and illustrate the step-by-step process: lining up digits, multiplying, carrying over numbers.
- Solve the problem together as a class.
- Next, introduce multiplying two two-digit numbers (e.g., 34 x 27).
- Break down each step clearly, highlighting the importance of place value.
2. **Division:**
- Demonstrate dividing a four-digit number by a one-digit number (e.g., 1234 ÷ 3).
- Show the long division method, explaining each step carefully—dividing, multiplying, subtracting, bringing down the next digit.
- Discuss remainders and what they mean in context.
### Guided Practice (15 minutes):
- Divide the students into pairs and provide them with multiplication and division worksheets.
- Circulate around the room to offer assistance and answer any questions.
- Encourage students to explain their thought process to their partners.
### Independent Practice (10 minutes):
- Have students solve a set of multiplication and division problems independently.
- Problems to include:
- Multiply: 246 x 8, 487 x 5, 76 x 54
- Divide: 2892 ÷ 6, 4098 ÷ 7, 1234 ÷ 4
### Closure (5 minutes):
- Review a few problems from the independent practice on the board.
- Ask students to share any challenges they encountered and how they overcame them.
- Recap key points of the lesson: the steps for multiplication and division, the importance of place value, and checking their work.
### Assessment:
- Collect and review the independent practice worksheets to check for understanding.
- Observe student participation during guided practice and whole-class discussions.
### Extension Activity:
- For students who complete their work early or need additional challenges, provide more complex problems, including word problems involving multi-step multiplication and division tasks.
- Encourage them to create their own multiplication and division word problems and solve them.
### Homework:
- Assign a worksheet with a variety of multiplication and division problems for additional practice at home.
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This lesson plan is designed to systematically build students' understanding and confidence in handling multiplication and division involving larger numbers. It incorporates multiple instructional strategies to meet diverse learning needs.